Typhoid fever

Causative organism: Salmonella typhi

Mode of transmission: Faeco – oral route, urine-oral route either directly through hands soiled with faeces or urine of cases or carriers or indirectly by ingestion of contaminated water, milk, food.

Incubation Period: 7-14 days

Clinical manifestations:

• High fever (103-104 F)
• Headache
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal cramps
• Diarrhoea or Constipation
• Cough
• Hepatomegaly
• Splenomegaly
• Relative bradycardia
• Dicrotic pulse
• Rose spots

Laboratory Diagnosis:

• Complete blood count
• Widal
• Typhoid IgM, IgG Antibody
• Blood culture

Complications:

Typhoid fever is a multi-system disease if left untreated may involve all the organs leading to a prolonged illness, systemic complications.

1. Intestinal Haemorrhage(Bleeding)
2. Pneumonia
3. Myocarditis
4. Pericarditis
5. Cystitis
6. Neuropsychiatric -Delerium, depression, Meningitis,.

Prevention:

• Man is the only host and reservoir for S.Typhi.
• Wash your hands Frequently, hand-washing best way to control infection. Wash before eating or preparing food and after using the toilet
• Avoid drinking untreated water, drink boiled water.
• Wash fruits and vegetables before eating.

Treatment: Homeopathy medicine